Ability-based design takes a different approach to adapting computer systems for users with less-than-ideal computer interaction abilities, whether from a recognized disability, a particular situation, or in any other context. The design concept has two primary ideas. First, the system must adapt, rather than the user. Second, the adaptation can and should be for a particular user, reflecting his or her own ability levels. The focus is on taking advantage of the abilities of the user, not the disabilities.

This paper outlines design principles for ability-based design, with numerous concrete examples. A wide range of applications is discussed, including keyboarding assists, voice-directed mouse manipulation, and a creative software package that enables the blind to use touch screens on mobile devices such as iPods.

I recommend this paper to anyone with an interest in this area.